GATE BT Syllabus (2027)

Ch. 1–10 are pure biology; no matrices, determinants, or eigenvalues anywhere in the contents.

No multivariable calculus, partial derivatives, or series in the contents.

No ODEs or Laplace transforms anywhere.

No distributions, correlation, or Bayesian content.

No root-finding, quadrature, or ODE-solving methods.

Ch. 1 (water, pH, buffers, bioenergetics) and Ch. 2.1–2.12 (amino acids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids, enzyme kinetics and inhibition), plus Ch. 3 (glycolysis, TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, photosynthesis), cover every item and then some.

Ch. 5 (cell structure, genome, growth, culture media, horizontal gene transfer, taxonomy, toxins) matches nearly every item; "history of microbiology" isn't a separate heading, likely folded into the chapter intro.

Ch. 6 tracks the syllabus almost item-for-item: innate/adaptive immunity, MHC, antibody structure and diversity, hybridoma technology, T cells, complement, hypersensitivity, transplantation, vaccines.

Ch. 7.1–7.11 and 7.17–7.23 cover Mendelian genetics, gene interaction, linkage and mapping, extranuclear inheritance, cytogenetics, population genetics, and evolution; bacterial genetics is cross-referenced from Ch. 5.5.

Ch. 4 covers membranes, transport, organelles, cytoskeleton, protein targeting, cell signalling, the cell cycle, and apoptosis in more detail than the syllabus asks for.

RNA interference (7.13), epigenetics (7.14), the genetic code and translation (7.15–7.16), and mutation (7.17) are covered — but the contents page has an unexplained gap between 7.11 (p. 711) and 7.13 (p. 838), with 7.12's subsections carrying no page numbers at all. Replication, transcription, and DNA repair likely sit in that gap but can't be confirmed from the contents alone.

Ch. 9.2–9.5 cover energy balance, bioreactor types, mass balances, scale-up, and enzyme technology conceptually, but the syllabus's quantitative side — Thiele modulus, effectiveness factor, Damköhler number, structured growth models, reactor sizing — isn't reflected in the headings across the chapter's ~25 pages.

Ch. 9.6–9.7 name the same unit operations (filtration, centrifugation, chromatography, extraction), but there's no process-control content at all — no controllers, tuning, or first/second-order response, which is roughly a third of this syllabus item.

Ch. 8.16–8.17 cover transgenic plants, tissue culture, totipotency, somaclonal variation, and somatic hybridization; hairy root culture and artificial seeds aren't separate headings but likely sit under "applications" (8.17.6).

Ch. 8.13, 8.14, and 8.18 cover culture media, cell lines, transgenesis, knockouts, nuclear transfer, and cloning; hybridoma technology is covered instead in Ch. 6.12. Stem cell technology and knock-in animals aren't explicit headings.

Nothing in the contents is framed as industrial or clinical microbiology; Ch. 9's bioprocess chapter covers the general "how" of production but has no dedicated treatment of screening strategies or product classes like biofuels, bioplastics, or industrial enzymes.

Ch. 8.1–8.12 match closely: enzymes, vectors by host, DNA delivery, selection markers, expression vectors, DNA libraries, genome mapping, DNA profiling. Transposon-based gene targeting and recombination-based cloning aren't separate headings.

PCR, blotting, in-situ hybridization, DNA fingerprinting, site-directed mutagenesis, CRISPR-Cas, and biosensors don't appear anywhere in the contents. "8.1 DNA cloning" might touch some of this, but its page number was illegible in the copy checked, so its contents are unconfirmed.

No microscopy, spectroscopy, electrophoresis, immunoassay, or flow cytometry heading anywhere. "2.4 Protein analysis" is the closest match, and it's a single subsection inside the biomolecules chapter, not a methods treatment.

Ch. 10 (15 pages, p. 1043–1057) covers sequence analysis, genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics at survey level, but gene prediction, functional annotation, structure prediction, and metagenomics aren't itemized, and the chapter is too short to expect real depth.